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Line 18: The figures behind the North-South divide

Line 18
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With the help of researchers at Manchester University, Sky News has found that young men in the North are living shorter lives than those in the South, with an alarming rise in deaths caused by drugs, alcohol and suicide.

Our co-operative report has built up a comprehensive picture of a health divide that exists in England, with researchers claiming that about 1.2 million more people have died before the age of 75 in the North than in the South since 1965.

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Successive governments have failed to address the North-South divide and the inequalities it breeds, which in recent years have been as stark as ever.

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NORTH

Between 2014 and 2016, an average of 1,177 more men aged between 25 and 44 died in the North than in the South each year.

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In the mid-1990s, the life expectancy of men living in the North was actually almost the same as those in the South.

But by 2015 nearly a third more of those aged between 25 and 34 were dying annually in the North than the South.

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EXCESS DEATHS IN THE NORTH MALE

The same pattern as above - though less severe - is seen in the numbers of northern women dying before their mid-40s.

Hundreds more women in the North are dying early compared to in the South, with the difference at its most stark among those in their early 40s.

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EXCESS DEATHS IN THE NORTH FEMALE

But even when put side-by-side, the number of men and women dying by their mid-40s in the North looks high.

It suggests deep division still exists between the two parts of England, a throwback to big social and economic changes that took place in the 1980s, when large swaths of industry in the North were closed and unemployment levels rose as a result.

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AVERAGE EXCESS DEATHS IN THE NORTH PER YEAR

So what are the main contributors to these premature deaths?

Cancer and heart disease are two of the big killers of young men aged between 25 and 44 in the North, but other major causes are alcohol, drugs and suicide.

The vast majority of premature deaths can be put down to higher rates of social deprivation in the North, including a poor diet and increased levels of smoking and drinking.

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MAIN CONTRIBUTORS TO DEATHS IN THE NORTH

Alcohol, suicide and drugs are especially prominent causes of death among men.

However, the proportion of deaths due to suicide is higher among the younger age brackets, and this is a trend seen in both the North and the South.

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NUMBER OF DEATHS BY CAUSE MALE

For women, cancer is by far the biggest killer among almost all age groups.

Heart disease is also a common cause of death among women in their early to mid-40s, and alcohol-related deaths also increase as women get older.

NUMBER OF DEATHS BY CAUSE

Line 18 is a journey through modern Britain in 2018. It runs the length of the UK from Northern Ireland into Scotland, passing through Lancashire, Manchester, the West Midlands, London and Essex.

It will examine the divides and fractures in society through the voices of those affected, and backed up by data which shines a new light on how Britain is changing.